Englishsalih - Old Days

eçmiş zamanı anlatmak için, isim cümlelerinde "was" ve "were" yardımcı fiillerini kullanırız.
Kullanımları aynı "am, is, are" gibidir. "am, is, are" ile geniş zamanı ifade ediyorduk.
"was" tekil şahıslar için, yani "am, is" yerine;
"were" de çoğul şahıslar için, yani "are" yerine kullanılır.

I	am	at home today.	I	was	at home yesterday.
He She It	is	a teacher.	He She It	was	a teacher.
We You They	are	students in middle school.	We You They	were	students in middle school last year.

Soru cümlesi kurmak için de, yine daha önceden öğrendiğimiz gibi, yardımcı fiili başa almalıyız.
Was George at school on Tuesday?
Were you in Ayşe's house yesterday?
What was your friend's name?
Who was your teacher?
Where were they this morning?
Were the trees green last month?
Why were you late?

Bu tense ile en sık kullanılan zaman belirteçleri; "yesterday", "last (week, month)", "(two days, an hour, three monts) ago"
yesterday morning, yesterday afternoon, last month, last week, 2 years ago, six months ago

Olumsuz cümleler de önceki konularda gördüğümüz şekilde yapılıyor. "Was" yerine "wasn't"; "were" yerine de "weren't" kullanırız.
They weren't in the meeting.
I wasn't in the club last night.
Ali and Fatma weren't friends last year, but now they are very close.
Who wasn't here last night?

The grandmother was a beautiful woman. She was tall, and strong. Her hair was long and black.
Life was cheaper and easier.
The air was clean when she was young.
There weren't any modern machines when she was young.

There was a TV in the room yesterday. There isn't a TV in the room today.
There were CDs in the room yesterday. There aren't any CDs in the room today.
There were pictures on the walls yesterday. There aren't any pictures on the walls today.

She was thin in 1969.
Her hair was long in 1969 but now they are short.

-Why don't we look at your photo album grandma?
-Sure. Here it is. Let's take a look.
-Oh, these photos are very old. Is this you in this picture?
-Yes, that's me. It was the first day of school that day and I was very excited. This is our village's school.
-These houses are very small in the picture. Which one was your house?
-Our house was the green one.
-Who is this old lady in the photograph?
-That was my mother.
-That woman is my grandmother's mother? She was very beautiful.
-Yes she was. When was she born?
-She was born in 1915.

John Sebastion Bach was a composer. He was German.
Marie Curie was Polish.

I am 14 years old now.
I was 10 years old in 2005 and I was 3 years old in 1998.

-What's the weather like today?
-It is a bit cloudy.
-What was the weather like yesterday?
-It was sunny.
-What was the weather like last weekend?
-I don't remember.

Today is Saturday. Yesterday was Friday.
Thursday was two days ago.
Wednesday was three days ago.

There was a very good show on TV last night.
We went to Anıtkabir last month.
The teacher was angry last week.
There was an apple on the table last night.
My friends were here two minutes ago.

My aunt was born in 1969. She was born in Sakarya. She started school in 76. She graduated from high school in 87. She got married in 89. She had a child in 90 and a second child in 92. Then, in 94 she had twins. They moved to Ankara in 98. They died in a horrible car crash in 2001.

İngilizce dilbilgisinde geçmiş zamanı ifade etmek için, fiil cümlelerinde yüklemi past hale çevirmek gerekir. Past hali v2 olarak ifade ediyoruz. Çoğu fiil, sonuna "-ed" takısı eklenerek past hale çevrilebilir. Bunlara "düzenli fiiller" yani "regular verbs" deriz.
He worked for that company for fourteen years.
We stayed at home last night.
The car crashed into a dog.
The game ended at half past six yesterday.

Bazı fiiller ise "irregular" yani düzensizdir. Düzensiz fiillerin past halleri ile ilgili herhangi bir kural yoktur. Aşağıda, tabloda en sık kullanılan bazı düzensiz filleri listeledik. Bunları örnekler ile kullanarak pekiştirmeliyiz. Bir süre sonra, size de çok kolay gelmeye başlayacaklarına eminim.

v1	v2	v1	v2
come build cut fall go see leave write sell sleep take understand win wear say teach read	came built cut fell went saw left wrote sold slept took understood won wore said taught read	find catch do drive have make meet run sit speak tell buy stand eat give hear know think	found caught did drove had made met ran sat spoke told bought stood ate gave heard knew thought

My uncle won the lottery last year.
I bought some ice cream for my little brother.
I went to a movie yesterday.
The guy took some money, and ran away.
I met a famous actor two weeks ago.
I did all my homework before dinner so now, I'm watching TV.